Question:
does heavy rain affect the function of jet engines? if the jet engine sucks water, would this cause trouble?
how did they overcome this problem???
Answer by spammer
Nothing happens. If is just rain, if you give it much more water it will kill the fire in the combustion chamber.
The rain water is not enough to kill a fire of about 1200 F. Water has been used in Aviation for ages as Water Injection Systems to aid Take Off. But is applied just after the Combustion Section just before the Turbine Nozzle. The Steam will cool and provide extra expansion of the gas, therefore increasing boost and leaving a cloud of white smoke (steam).
It has been used on Piston Engines too (reciprocating engines) like NO2 on a car, to boost power during take off. Same principle and helped to cool the exhaust valve too.
JC Whitney used to sell a water injection system for cars, years….. ago.
Some engines specially Turbo Shafts like Helicopter Powerplants, they have an Inlet Particle Separator to prevent dirt and foreigner objects entering the engine. The heavy particles gets ejected out via vortexes. The inlet air comes in a spiral and heavy particles will adhere to the sides due to centrifugal force, including water. Those engines does not have an air filter like a car does, the closets thing to that is the inlet screen.
Turbo Fan or Turbo Jet does not have that since they fly to much cleaner locations (airports) and at 39,000ft there is hardly any dirt in the air. There is an incident of an airliner that volcano ash killed the engines since it was carried via Jet Stream at high altitude.
(On 24 June 1982, British Airways Flight 9 on route to Perth, Australia flew into a volcanic ash cloud over the Indian Ocean. The Boeing 747-236B suffered engine surges in all four engines until they all failed. The passengers and crew could see a phenomenon known as St. Elmo’s fire around the plane. Flight 9 dived down until it exited the cloud allowing the ash clogging the engines to come out. The cockpit window was badly scratched by the ash particles but the plane landed at Jakarta, Indonesia safely. The 747′s paint had been scratched off at the leading edges.)
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no they are designed with heavy rain in mind
A bucket of water all at the same time would be a problem, but not even heavy rain
I think they would have solved that problem by now, don’t you? Especially in Wales!!
The do sometimes have trouble with flocks of birds I believe.
Yes because most jet engines are made of cashmere.
No the only thing that affects a jet engine adversely is extreme heat and ‘high humidity’ i.e Summer time, on the ground before Take-Off, the colder the air the more efficient the engine functions.
It’s impervious to rain but not to Geese or other foreign objects!
The water immediately gets vaporized due to the intense heat created by the engine. BTW, did you realize that jet engine makers test their engines by actually shooting objects into the rotor? This has helped create stronger rotors as well as more robust engines. As an aside, there is a “chicken gun” that is used in testing airplanes. Check out the site below.
The one solution that I didn’t see mentioned is “continuous ignition”. Normally, jet engines don’t need any kind of ignition source once it’s lit. When flying through heavy rain, pilots manually turn on continuous ignition, because there is a very SMALL chance of ingesting enough rain to make the flame go out. By keeping continuous ignition on, the ignitors spark several times a second. If the flame does happen to go out, it will relight in less than a second and nobody will even notice anything happened except for a possible bump in the engine gauges.
Very heavy amounts of rain can cause issues to jet engines, however we’re talking extreme amounts of water…
Jet engines are certified to fly through very heavy rain and must pass rigorous tests showing that they can do so. Here is a video of a Rolls Royce turbofan engine undergoing such a test:
http://youtube.com/watch?v=faDWFwDy8-U
Essentially, most of the water that gets injested into a modern high bypass turbofan engine gets “spit” out the side of the engine without ever passing into the compressor and combustion sections of the engine. (The spinning of the blades forces the water out the “bypass section” of the engine.) The water that does get into the “core” of the engine (less than 10%) gets vaporized by the high heat of the engine.
Here’s another good example of how jet engines can operate in extreme conditions… watch about 2:15 into the video… (A short in the aircraft electrical system results in the unexpected!)
http://youtube.com/watch?v=N1Yf6_MVTck
Most of the people here didn’t answer your question.
The engine is spinning rapidly, which throws the water (much of it) the the outer cases of the engine and out the hi-bypass (fan) portion of the engine. What little water does penetrate the core gets vaporized by way of compression and combustion.
They do indeed go to continuous ignition when in the rain as a matter of safety.
We actually perform water-washes on the engines on a scheduled basis to wash out deposits and debris. This is done with the engines running.
This is probably covered in one of the links listed already but I have seen video of Jet engine testing by the manufacturers and they purposely spray massive amounts of water (way more than could occur naturally) into the jet intakes without it causing any significant drop in thrust or power. As pointed out above manufacturers are much more concerned with foreign objects being sucked in and causing damage to the internal rotors and compressor fins. Yes, they do shoot chicken carcases into the engines to simulate a bird in the air. Most of the time they are more concerned with metal objects on a tarmac or runway that could be sucked in before or at take off.
no the engine functions fine and the pilot selects ignition to make sure the flame doesnt go out
In the center of the engine behind the compression chamber just before the diffuser is a Bleed Band. Water goes out of it.
Ok, heres the truth.
The reason jet fuel is made from kerosene is that water is actually soluble INTO kerosene. That is it dissolves into it just like sugar into water. This means that the fuel itself remains burnable up until the point where water loses its solubility. That happens at nearly 40% water concentration.
This is important because of where jets operate. It is typically very cold at altitude and any water in a fuel tank would freeze immediately. The water being incorporated as part of the fuel removes this possibility, and keeps the fuel flammable even when it is mixed with water in extremely heavy rain. The hardest rainstorm ever has not dumped enough water to douse a good turbine engine simply because the water merely dissolved into the fuel.
I once saw a PT-6 engine eat a firehose at full blast for 5 full minutes before it shut down. Thats a LOT of water.